Mac (macintosh)

Mac OS (Operating System Macintosh English,  Macintosh Operating System) is the name of the operating system created by Apple for its Macintosh computer line. It is known for being the first system for the general public to have a graphical interface consisting of mouse interaction with windows, menus and icon.Apple deliberately downplayed the existence of the operating system in the early years of its Macintosh line for the machine it more user-friendly, differentiating it from other contemporary systems such as MS-DOS, which was a technical challenge. The development team included Mac OS Original Bill Atkinson, Andy Hertzfeld and Jef Raskin.

This was the basis of the classic Mac OS, developed entirely by Apple, whose first version was released in 1984. Its development would extend the system version 9, released in 1999. From version 10 (Mac OS X), change the system architecture and became totally based on Unix, but its graphical interface retains many elements of previous versions.

A variety was developed versions of how the original Mac OS where the underlying ideas originated. Despite this historical documents proving the existence between the Macintosh project and the project of Xerox PARC Alto. Initial contributions of Ivan Sutherland's Sketchpad, and the On-Line System of Doug Engelbart were also significant

History

The Macintosh project started in early 1979 with Jef Raskin, who envisioned a low-cost computer and user friendly for the average customer. In September 1979, he was given permission to Raskin for procurement for the project and was looking, in particular, an engineer who could build a prototype. Bill Atkinson, a team member of the Apple Lisa team, introduced him to Burrell Smith, a service technician who had been hired earlier that year.

In January 1981, Steve Jobs took over the Macintosh project completely. Jobs and several Apple engineers visited Xerox PARC in December 1979, three months after the initiation of projects Lisa and Macintosh. After seeing the pioneering technology developed graphical user interface at Xerox PARC by former employees of Xerox Raskin, Jobs negotiated a visit to see the Xerox Alto computer and Smalltalk development tools in exchange for an option on shares of Apple. Operating systems of Lisa and Macintosh used many concepts Xerox Alto, but many elements of the graphical user interface were created by Apple, including the menu bar, pull-down menus and concepts of drag and drop and direct manipulation.

Unlike the IBM PC, which used a system ROM 8 kB for the POST (self-diagnostics on power) and a basic input / output system (BIOS), the Mac ROM was much larger (64 kB ) and SO kept keycode. Much of the original Mac ROM was coded by Andy Hertzfeld, a member of the original Macintosh computer. He was able to save valuable space in the ROM inserting assembly language code. In addition to the ROM code, also codified the core, the Macintosh Toolbox and part of desktop accessories. Operating system icons, which represent folders and applications, were designed by Susan Kare, who later designed the icons of Microsoft Windows 3.0. Bruce Horn and Steve Capps wrote the Macintosh Finder as well as various system utilities Macintosh.

Apple made a major advertising campaign for refurbished machine. After its establishment, the company purchased 39 full pages of advertising space in the magazine Newsweek, November and December issues of 1984. Apple was so successful in the campaign, soon eclipsed sales of its more sophisticated predecessor, the Lisa, Apple while quickly developed a product called MacWorks that allowed Lisa to emulate the Macintosh system software via the System 3, when which was discontinued and marketed under trademark Macintosh XL. Many of the advances of the Lisa OS would not appear in the OS until System 7.

The first version of Mac OS (simply called System, "System") is easily distinguishable from other operating systems in the same period because it does not use a command line interface, was one of the first operating systems to use a completely one GUI. In addition to the core of the system is the Finder, an application used to manage files, which also showed the desktop. The two files were contained in a folder labeled System Folder ("System Folder"), which contained other files needed, as the printer driver, needed to interact with the system.